Bio gas plant

Bio gas plant The conversion of biodegradable waste matter into compost in the absence of oxygen anaerobic digester is known as bio gas plant.Biogas is an alternate source of renewable energy. Biogas is a type of bio fuel that is naturally produced from the decomposition of organic waste. When organic matter, such as food scraps and animal waste, break down in an anaerobic environment (an environment absent of oxygen) they release a blend of gases, primarily methane and carbon dioxide. Because this decomposition happens in an anaerobic environment, the process of producing biogas is also known as anaerobic digestion. A biogas plant supplies energy and fertilizer. It improves hygiene and protects the environment. A biogas plant is a modern energy source. A biogas plant improves life in the country. Nowadays, biogas plants are very common in countries like India, Nepal and China. In India, biogas is mainly produced by using cow dung (Goober). It is very popular in our rural villages and is called as Goober-gas. Renewable energies are increasingly important. An ever growing number of businesses and private households, as well as energy companies, are backing the sustainable creation of electricity and heat from renewable raw materials. Many countries in the world support the expansion and use of renewable energy – this also includes aid and subsidies in the creation and operation of a biogas plant. Bio Construct plans, builds, and maintains individual AD-Plants for farms and agricultural purposes as well as medium-sized communal plants and industrial waste treatment plants (waste to energy). Farmers, in particular, benefit from a biogas plant on their own farm: the gas generated from solid manure, liquid manure, grass and energy crops can be directly used for electricity generation and building heating or fed into the national grid for profit with a connected, on-site combined heat and power unit (CHP).The installed electric capacity of biogas plants ranges from around 30 kW to several megawatts. How much electricity is generated by the plant is dependent upon the amount of biogas produced. A farmer can expect to produce 400-500 m³ of biogas per livestock unit per year. Up to 7,000 m³ of biogas can be produced from one hectare of field grass, or even more from energy-rich plants such as turnips or maize. This means that the construction of a biogas plant is not only beneficial to climate and environmental protection, but also a sustainable investment in the farm’s future efficiency and profitability. A mixture of gases like methane plus carbon dioxide in a proportion of 60: 40 is produced from the organic matter and is popularly known as biogas. The gas is produced by the action of a mixed community of micro-organisms on organic matter through a process called an anaerobic digestion, in absence of oxygen. Hence it is an ideal method to produce energy using a wide variety of agricultural, agro-industrial and domestic wastes as the raw materials. As a byproduct the slurry form biogas plant is enriched manure as it has a high content of oxygen, phosphorus and potassium. Biogas plants are appropriate to the technical abilities and economic capacity of Third World farmers. Biogas technology is extremely appropriate to the ecological and economic demands of the future. Biogas technology is progressive. By converting organic waste into energy, biogas is utilizing nature’s elegant tendency to recycle substances into productive resources. Biogas generation recovers waste materials that would otherwise pollute landfills; prevents the use of toxic chemicals in sewage treatment plants, and saves money, energy, and material by treating waste on-site. Moreover, biogas usage does not require fossil fuel extraction to produce energy. Other merits are improvement in rural sanitation, reduction in eye diseases among rural women and easy smokeless and efficient cooking. It can also be used for lighting purposes and running small motors for lifting water and providing power to the cottage industries. Biogas is a renewable, as well as a clean, source of energy. Gas generated through bio digestion is non-polluting; it actually reduces greenhouse emissions (i.e. reduces the greenhouse effect). No combustion takes place in the process, meaning there is zero emission of greenhouse gasses to the atmosphere; therefore, using gas from waste as a form of energy is actually a great way to combat global warming. Another biogas advantage is that, unlike other types of renewable energies, the process is natural, not requiring energy for the generation process. In addition, the raw materials used in the production of biogas are renewable, as trees and crops will continue to grow. Manure, food scraps, and crop residue are raw materials that will always be available, which makes it a highly sustainable option. The by-product of the biogas generation process is enriched organic, which is a perfect supplement to, or substitute for, chemical fertilizers. The fertilizer discharge from the digester can accelerate plant growth and resilience to diseases, whereas commercial fertilizers contain chemicals that have toxic effects and can cause food poisoning, among other things. The technology used to produce biogas is quite cheap. It is easy to set up and needs little investment when on a small scale. Small bio digesters can be used right at home, utilizing kitchen waste and animal manure. A household system pays for itself after a while, and the materials used for generation are absolutely free. The gas manifested can be used directly for cooking and generation of electricity. This is what allows the cost of biogas production to be relatively low. Farms can make use of biogas plants and waste products produced by their livestock every day. The waste products of one cow can provide enough energy to power a light bulb for an entire day. The disadvantage is that the systems used in the production of biogas are not efficient. There are no new technologies yet to simplify the process and make it abundant and low cost. This means large scale production to supply for a large population is still not possible. Although the biogas plants available today are able to meet some energy needs, many governments are not willing to invest in the sector. Another disadvantage is that industrial biogas plants only make sense where raw materials are in plentiful supply (food waste, manure). For this reason, biogas generation is much more suitable for rural and suburban areas. . vv